Pulmonary nodules are a multi-system and multi-organ granulomatous disease. The incidence has increased in recent years. It is more common in people aged 20 to 40. There are more female patients than men. The disease will affect the lungs, Eyes, skin, and bilateral hilar lymph nodes should be treated promptly to prevent and treat diseases.
1. What is the matter with lung nodules?
Patients with pulmonary nodules will find that the diameter of the soft tissue is no more than 30mm in the chest radiograph or chest CT examination, and the surrounding is surrounded by lung tissue. The imaging examination of patients with pulmonary nodules disease will show round or similar The round lung nodule has a clear boundary with the surrounding tissue, and it can be multiple or a single nodule. According to the size of lung nodules, nodules with a diameter of 5 to 10 mm are called small lung nodules. Nodules with a diameter of less than 5 mm are called micro lung nodules, and nodules with a diameter of more than 30 mm are called small lung nodules. It is called a lump. Pulmonary nodule disease has a high incidence in people who smoke for a long time. In recent years, my country has gradually deepened the research on imaging technology, the medical level has improved, and the resolution of imaging equipment has increased, which has also improved the incidence of lung nodules. Section disease detection rate. Pulmonary nodular disease is usually caused by tuberculosis infection, fungal infection, etc., and can also be affected by benign or malignant tumors. Some diseases such as chronic proliferative inflammation and pulmonary vascular abnormalities can also induce pulmonary nodular disease. , Such as common lung adenomatous hyperplasia, pulmonary artery malformation and so on. Groups working in chemical plants or in a dusty environment are high-risk groups of pulmonary nodules, and disinfection workers are more likely to develop pulmonary nodules than ordinary people.
2. Symptoms of lung nodules
Patients with pulmonary nodules will have typical dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis, neurological symptoms, infections, thromboembolism and other symptoms. Especially as the pulmonary nodules increase, they will compress the patient’s large bronchus. At this time, the patient Symptoms such as inhalation, difficulty breathing, and difficulty exhaling will occur. As a typical symptom of pulmonary nodules, chest pain is often neglected, because the sensation of chest pain caused by tumors and pulmonary nodules caused by tuberculosis is not obvious, which is within people’s tolerance, so it is easy to be delayed in treatment. If a patient has a lung nodule caused by a tumor, it will damage the nerves of the lung, causing the patient to have repeated and persistent coughing symptoms, and patients with infectious nodules can cough up thick sputum. If a lung nodule caused by a tumor invades the blood vessels of the lungs, it can cause the blood vessels to rupture, which can lead to the symptoms of hemoptysis in the patient. In the neurological symptoms caused by pulmonary nodules, if lung nodules caused by tumors involve blood vessels, some nodules will form emboli, which will enter the human brain as the blood enters the human brain. If the emboli are stuck in the blood vessels of the brain, it will be It leads to brain tissue ischemia and necrosis of brain tissue in patients. Patients may develop hemiplegia, visual field hemianopia, language disorder and other neurological symptoms. Patients with pulmonary nodules caused by pulmonary hemangioma will have the symptoms of thromboembolism, because the blood flow at the hemangioma site is not smooth, causing stasis and thrombus formation. When there are sloughed off thrombus emboli, thromboembolism can easily occur.
Three, how to treat lung nodules
Pulmonary nodule disease requires active and timely treatment. If symptoms such as repeated coughing, hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest pain, etc. occur, people should be vigilant and pay attention, especially when accompanied by a short-term rapid weight loss and obvious night sweats during sleep. , High fever, etc., you should go to a regular hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time, and the doctor should guide you to deal with it accordingly. If severe breathing difficulties, even coma, hemiplegia, hemianopia, etc. occur, you need to go to the emergency department immediately or call the 120 emergency number. The treatment of pulmonary nodules should be based on the actual situation of the patient, and the doctor should perform the corresponding diagnosis and examination. If it is diagnosed as benign or malignant tumors, surgical resection can be considered for treatment. Infectious nodules should be treated with anti-infective treatment, such as Patients infected with tuberculosis can take anti-tuberculosis treatment, and those with fungal infection should take anti-fungal treatment accordingly. Patients with pulmonary vascular abnormalities are also treated by surgical resection. The cause of some pulmonary nodules is unknown, such as nodules less than 8mm in diameter. No special treatment is required. Regular follow-up and examination under the guidance of a doctor are required. If the diameter of the nodule exceeds 8mm, even if the cause of the nodule is not clear, surgical resection is required. When treating pulmonary nodules, anti-inflammatory treatment may be required at the same time under the guidance of a doctor. The use of antibiotics in the process can effectively alleviate the symptoms of infection, avoid the spread of pathogenic bacteria, and reduce the problem of secondary infections caused by pathogens. Occurrence rate.
After the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, patients should be actively treated under the guidance of doctors, adopt correct treatment methods, avoid self-administration or self-adjustment of medications, especially avoid random discontinuation of medications, pay attention to the changes in their own condition during drug treatment, if they occur If you have nausea, vomiting, allergies, etc., you need to ask your doctor for help, deal with them accordingly, and adjust your medication regimen. Patients undergoing surgical treatment should adjust their diet after surgery to ensure a nutritious diet. Based on the principle of light diet, eat more high-protein foods, such as fish, lean meat and other fresh vegetables and fruits, stay away from tobacco and alcohol, and avoid eating. Excessively greasy and spicy food. Patients with pulmonary nodules should eliminate panic and treat pulmonary nodules properly. In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution in my country has become more and more prominent, physical examinations have become more and more popular, people’s awareness of regular physical examinations has increased, and more and more people have discovered pulmonary nodules during physical examinations. Under the guidance of doctors, patients should adopt correct treatment methods in a timely manner, control the development of the disease, and actively prevent and treat pulmonary nodules.
In summary, a large part of patients with lung nodules are found in regular physical examinations. Most patients with lung nodules disease are not cancerous. If there are tiny nodules, patients should pay attention to regular Review and observe the growth of nodules. There is no need for special treatment for slow-growing nodules. If there is obvious nodule enlargement and physical discomfort, the corresponding diagnosis should be made in time, and regular treatment should be accepted, and corresponding treatment should be carried out in strict accordance with the doctor’s instructions to avoid diseases Development is difficult to control. Patients should establish a scientific concept of disease treatment, cooperate with doctors, treat the disease with an optimistic attitude, improve the treatment effect of pulmonary nodule disease, adjust diet, appropriate exercise and other aspects to enhance the body’s resistance and improve physical fitness .
