In daily life, patients and family members should master the knowledge and methods of first aid for hypertension to ensure that patients can gain more time for treatment when they are in danger. Hypertension often causes a variety of disease symptoms. Therefore, when hypertension occurs, symptoms should be judged, so as to provide an accurate reference for the selection and application of the most appropriate first aid methods. The differences in symptoms and emergencies are often very different. Pay attention to the application of targeted first aid methods, and only through the mastery of this knowledge can we gain more opportunities for patients’ follow-up treatment.
Common symptoms of hypertension
Patients with different hypertensive diseases often have different symptoms. For early hypertensive patients, there are basically no symptoms or no obvious symptoms. Under normal circumstances, the patient’s elevated blood pressure only occurs after fatigue and mental stress. At this time, the patient’s symptoms will gradually return to normal after resting. Under the condition that the course of the disease is gradually prolonged, the patient’s blood pressure will continue to rise, and various symptoms will gradually appear. At this time, the patient’s condition is called slow-onset hypertension. For this type of hypertension, It is said that dizziness, headache, difficulty concentrating, and memory loss are common symptoms. The most common and common brain symptoms of hypertension are dizziness and headache. Most hypertensive patients have persistent dullness and discomfort. When the patient has frequent dizziness, it will affect the brain thinking and make work efficiency gradually Decreased, it will also make it difficult for patients to concentrate, and memory loss will also occur.
dizziness. Affected by long-term high blood pressure, it is difficult to guarantee the adequacy of the patient’s brain blood supply, and dizziness may also occur at this time. For some patients with long-term increase in blood pressure, they have adapted to higher blood pressure. At this time, once the blood pressure returns to a normal state after taking certain vasodilators and antihypertensive drugs, the patients usually suffer from dizziness due to difficulty in adapting to cerebrovascular regulation. In the case of excessively lowering blood pressure, patients will also feel dizzy. The main reason for this phenomenon is insufficient blood supply to the brain.
headache. Headaches can have persistent dull pain or pulsating pain. In some cases, symptoms such as nausea and vomiting can also be triggered. The main reason for the above phenomenon is: when the patient’s blood pressure suddenly rises, the brain blood vessels in the head The reflex contraction is very strong, and the headache will specifically occur in the temples on both sides or the back of the head.
Chest tightness, palpitations. Under normal circumstances, when a patient with long-term hypertension has chest tightness and palpitations, it indicates that the patient’s hypertension may have affected the heart. The reason is that when the blood pressure is elevated for a long time, the patient’s left ventricle dilation or myocardial hypertrophy will be As a result, while increasing the burden on the heart, myocardial ischemia and mental disorders will occur, and the patient will experience chest tightness and palpitations.
In addition, affected by the cranial nerve dysfunction, the patient will have symptoms such as irritability, insomnia, and extreme agitation. If the patient has systemic arteriole spasm and the limb muscles lack sufficient blood supply, the patient will have limbs at this time. Symptoms such as numbness and tightness of neck and back muscles appear.
Emergency symptoms and treatment methods
Acute left heart failure occurred. If a hypertensive patient has acute left heart failure, the patient will have symptoms such as palpitation, hypoxia and dyspnea, coughing, coughing pink foamy sputum, purple lips, etc. Family members and related personnel should pay attention to it. In the case of the above situation, the patient should be helped to put the legs in a drooping posture, and at the same time, the patient should be mainly in the sitting position. The patient must not be placed in a lying state. If an oxygen bag is available at home, the patient needs to be assisted to inhale oxygen immediately.
Angina occurred. When the patient has severe emotional changes, the problem of sudden increase in blood pressure is very easy to cause. At this time, if the patient’s heart condition is not good, angina pectoris is a very easy symptom to occur. Hypertension patients who are tired or mentally stimulated, especially those who have been diagnosed with angina pectoris, once they have sudden chest pain (some backaches), chest tightness, pale complexion, cold sweats and other symptoms appear, the patient is very likely to have symptoms at this time For angina pectoris, the patient should maintain a quiet and balanced state as much as possible, and at the same time pay attention to rest. You can take a piece of nitroglycerin under the tongue. When the surrounding conditions permit, appropriate oxygen should be given.
Accompanied by a cerebrovascular accident. When such diseases occur, not only symptoms such as severe headache and jet-like vomiting will appear, but in severe cases, consciousness disturbance or limb paralysis will also occur. If patients with hypertension have such symptoms, they should immediately help the patient to lie supine, and at the same time tilt the patient’s head to one side, to prevent the patient from inhaling the vomit into the airway due to severe vomiting, which may cause breathing difficulties and even suffocation.
Hypertensive encephalopathy appeared. The brain is affected by the gradual increase in blood pressure due to drug withdrawal, failure to take the drug on time, or unauthorized reduction of drug dosage, mood swings, etc., which will cause the patient’s intracranial pressure to gradually increase. At this time, the patient will experience nausea, vomiting and severe headaches. Symptoms and accompanying symptoms include palpitation and blurred vision. Family members should help the patient to eliminate tension and calm down as much as possible. At the same time, help the patient to rest in bed immediately and choose the antihypertensive drugs that they take frequently. When the patient has no kidney problems, it can be taken in conjunction with diuretics and sedatives to help patients reduce and stabilize blood pressure.
Through the above-mentioned treatment, time was bought for the doctor to further deal with the patient. It is worth mentioning that when the above-mentioned emergency occurs, while doing the above-mentioned simple treatment, promptly dial the 120 emergency number and refer the patient to a professional doctor for treatment.
Hypertension is a common chronic disease that requires patients, family members, and nursing staff to master the symptoms of hypertension emergencies and first aid knowledge, so that they can calmly respond to the above-mentioned situations.
