In recent years, while continuing to support European integration, China has formed a more proactive, pragmatic and balanced policy towards Europe, which has improved its relations with major European countries such as Germany, France, Britain, and Italy, and opened up a relationship with Central and Eastern Europe and Northern Europe. Cooperation with Southern Europe and other European sub-regions. China, Germany, France and Britain jointly oppose the US trade war, coordinate China’s 13th Five-Year Plan and the “Europe 4.0” strategy, strengthen dialogue and cooperation in the security field, the “Belt and Road” initiative and the overall docking of European development strategies, China-Europe plan , China and the 17 countries of Central and Eastern Europe, and the three aspects of production capacity cooperation, to jointly build the four major partnerships of peace, growth, reform and civilization between China and Europe.
In 2018, French President Macron, British Prime Minister Theresa May, and German Chancellor Merkel successively visited China and issued a common message: firmly advocate multilateralism, support free trade, actively maintain the multilateral trading system, and jointly build an open world economy. The current international situation is complex and changeable. The strengthening of cooperation and exchanges between China and the three major European powers will help promote the development of the international situation in a stable direction.
Recently, the United States has asked Europe to increase protection fees, suppress the construction of Russia’s oil and gas pipeline “Beixi 2” to Europe, ignore and ignore the European epidemic, adhere to the “America First” policy, and prohibit European countries from entering the United States. At the height of the epidemic, the United States transported 500,000 kits from Italy. This has aroused great dissatisfaction from the European Union towards the United States, and complaints have deepened. When Chancellor Merkel met with U.S. Secretary of State Pompeo recently, Pompeo deliberately set off an ideological dispute, emphasizing: “The current Chinese methods are terribly similar to East German suppression. The CCP is shaping a world that has been The new authoritarianism that we have not seen before. We should ensure that countries around the world understand the risks associated with the Chinese Communist Party and the consequences of our long-term tolerance of this, and we must fight for freedom together.” Merkel replied: “In today’s world, we You need to reflect on what you have done and how you have done, rather than how to restrain others and interfere with other countries. This is very, very important.” The
epidemic has severely dismembered the global integrated industrial chain, and countries are returning from the global industrial chain to the regional economy or their own economy. Will regress the economic integration that has been formed. To revive industrial development and promote technological innovation after the epidemic, China-EU comprehensive cooperation must continue to be strengthened.
First, after the epidemic, China-EU economic and trade cooperation and competition still coexist. It is necessary to overcome protectionist tendencies and properly handle disputes over economic and trade rules; disputes surrounding China’s “market economy status”, anti-dumping “substitute country” principle, and steel overcapacity, more fully reflect the asymmetry in China-EU economic and trade relations Highlighting and rising competitiveness.
Second, political mutual trust still faces tests. The long-term game between value diplomacy and pragmatic diplomacy. The negative public opinion of European politicians during the epidemic must be taken seriously, and its possible adverse effects must be excluded from cooperation; the EU’s “balanced diplomacy” in the Asia-Pacific region affects mutual trust; the EU has an impact on the East China Sea and the South China Sea The issue has also maintained “continuous attention” and a 2+2 negotiation mechanism has been established with Japan; the EU reacted strongly to China’s “division diplomacy” and sub-regional cooperation, believing that it has weakened the EU’s diplomatic leadership and is “a attempt to divide the EU”. Therefore, our country must never retreat on issues of principle, and at the same time use the building of a community of shared future to create a more favorable strategic space for China-EU cooperation, deepen mutual trust, and strengthen cooperation.
Third, changes in the international landscape after the epidemic have affected China-EU cooperation. The European Union believes that the transatlantic partnership still encounters certain challenges; the United States and the European Union have a new understanding of my country’s market economy status; the European Union will strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights to prevent my country from surpassing the European Union in the field of innovative technologies; in regional affairs cooperation, with Ukraine Crisis, changes in the security situation in the Asia-Pacific region, the refugee crisis in Europe, and the return of Russia have increased the demand for cooperation between the two sides in regional affairs.
After Brexit, Britain is using China to regain its status as a major power. With the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union, the United Kingdom has set its sights further on the world, hoping to strengthen ties with China. The two sides emphasized the need to view and plan the future development of bilateral relations from a strategic and overall perspective, respect and accommodate each other’s core interests and major concerns, and handle sensitive issues in a constructive manner. It is necessary to promote the economic and trade cooperation between the two countries to a new level. China and Britain can carry out mutually beneficial cooperation on a larger scale, higher level and deeper level within the framework of the “Belt and Road”. It is necessary to deepen exchanges and cooperation in multilateral institutions such as the United Nations, the Group of Twenty, and the World Trade Organization, promote the resolution of global challenges such as climate change, and jointly promote world peace and stability. The UK welcomes more Chinese investment in the UK after the epidemic, and promotes cooperation in trade, investment and finance. The UK is willing to help China’s development through its own technology and capabilities. In addition, the two countries have also established important links in the field of education, such as exchanges between universities and cooperation in preschool education.
Japan Handui Hua policies by the swing, turn and balance Sino-US
Looking back at history, a trilateral strategic cooperation is constantly running process, coupled with the United States in Northeast Asia, it can be said to be ups and downs. In 1992, China and South Korea established diplomatic relations. In 1998, China and South Korea established a cooperative partnership for the 21st century. In 2003, the two sides agreed to upgrade China-South Korea relations to a comprehensive cooperative partnership. In 2008, the China-South Korea comprehensive cooperative partnership was upgraded to a strategic cooperation. Partnership, each other will cooperate closely to resolve the North Korean nuclear issue, respond to the financial crisis, and participate in the “10+3” talks. In 2015, the China-South Korea Free Trade Agreement was officially signed. In order to undermine China-South Korea relations, the United States deployed the “THAAD” system in South Korea, causing a retrogression in China-South Korea relations. In 2017, President Moon Jae-in successfully visited China and proposed to take back South Korea’s operational command and abolish the “Japan-Korea Alliance”. He has resisted the US’s request to increase protection fees for US troops in Korea six times and actively participated in the “Belt and Road” initiative and China-Japan-Korea free trade negotiations have brought China-South Korea relations into a normal track.
In 2000, China’s GDP surpassed that of Japan, and the power of China and Japan has undergone a fundamental change, which has had a huge impact on Japan. In the mentality of confusion, hesitation, frustration, and confusion, Japan continues to create trouble and challenge the bottom line of Sino-Japanese relations. Before the 2014 APEC meeting, China and Japan reached a “four-point consensus on principles”. However, as Sino-Japanese relations are still in a period of contradictions and frictions, the mutual economic needs and political games between China and Japan have become ” The new normal”. The reason behind this situation is that Japan is sandwiched between China and the United States, politically and militarily controlled by the United States, and economically inseparable from China. If Japan wants to restore its status as a major power, it can only wander and seek balance among them.
In 2017, the heads of state of China and Japan met in Vietnam. President Xi Jinping asked Japan to “take action.” Abe began to adjust its policy toward China and sent 250 people from the largest economic delegation in history to China to seize business opportunities. After the conclusion of the “19th National Congress”, China’s development prospects have become clearer. The “One Belt One Road” initiative has also made Japanese economic circles aware of the increasing trend of other countries’ cooperation with China. Therefore, calls for improving China-Japan economic and trade relations are also increasing. In 2018, Premier Li Keqiang visited Japan, and Abe accompanied him throughout the whole journey, and kept sending the Prime Minister to the plane. This marked the beginning of a new era of comprehensive cooperation between China and Japan. For Japan to accept the powerful China around it, it may still need to go through a long period of diplomatic and national psychological adjustment. However, both the ruling and opposition parties in Japan know that China is very important, and they understand that developing relations with China can achieve great benefits in many aspects of economic, security and diplomacy. They also understand that Japan’s restoration of its status as a major power cannot be achieved by relying on the United States alone. It also requires China as a permanent member of the council. . The United States adheres to the “America First” approach, forcing Abe to promote political transformation, improve relations with China, and maintain a strategic balance between China and the United States.
