Renal failure is the failure of the kidneys. The kidneys are not working properly. The symptoms are a series of reactions caused by oliguria or anuria, and the inability to expel toxins from the body. And hemodialysis can help patients discharge excess water and toxins. Hemodialyzers are often called “artificial kidneys” in people’s mouths. Dialyzers are like kidneys, which help to urinate and detoxify.
Dialysis should be performed regularly
The blood purification center of the hospital has high requirements on the environment, and patients and their families need to change clean slippers at the entrance of the center. The doctor will advise the patient to do dialysis regularly, usually 3 times a week, 4 hours each time, one, three, five or two, four, six, or two to four times a week depending on the condition. The patient’s first dialysis time does not exceed 3 hours.
Remember dry weight
Remember to weigh before and after each dialysis. It is best to wear the same set of clothes, including shoes, underwear, body accessories, etc. every time you come to dialysis. It is recommended that patients prepare 2 or more sets of the same weight. The doctor needs to know the patient’s accurate net weight, which is very important! The doctor will set the dehydration on the day of dialysis according to the weight of the patient. Too much or too little dehydration is not good for the patient. After a few months of dialysis, the doctor will give the patient’s dry weight. Dry weight refers to the weight when all or most of the fluid in the patient’s body is cleared after dialysis. The patient needs to remember his dry weight.
Tell your doctor if you have bleeding
During hemodialysis, doctors will routinely use anticoagulants. If there is bleeding on the patient, or if they have just had their teeth extracted, they must inform the doctor in time when they bump. After the dialysis is over, it is still necessary to observe whether there is bleeding on the body, including bleeding gums, hemoptysis, hemorrhoids, women’s menstrual period, etc.
Maintain weight during dialysis
Patients need to control their water intake. The daily water intake is between 1000 and 1200 ml (including the water in food). The patient should drink no more than the patient’s urine volume every day. Try not to eat porridge, soup, food, and fruits with high potassium content, such as bananas, oranges, grapes, mushrooms, soybeans, black beans, etc. , Eat less or no animal offal, plant protein (such as soy products).
Eat more foods with high quality protein content, such as milk, lean meat, fish, eggs. The weight gain of the patient during dialysis should not exceed 5% of the original weight.
Usual considerations
Long-term catheterization patients should keep the catheter dry and clean, avoid scratching the catheter, prevent the catheter from slipping out when putting on and taking off clothes, observe the catheter port for redness, swelling and pain daily, and feel uncomfortable. Seek medical treatment immediately. In patients with internal fistula, the side limbs of the internal fistula cannot lift heavy objects, can not vigorously exercise, cannot measure blood pressure, infusion, blood draw, wear watches and other jewelry, the arm cannot be compressed for a long time, avoid scratching the fistula and skin, use warm water on dialysis day Wash the skin and apply a hot towel for 15 to 20 minutes after 24 hours of dialysis. Check the internal fistula for tremor and murmur every day. If there is any problem, see a doctor as soon as possible.
If the patient has high blood pressure or diabetes, he should not take antihypertensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, or inject insulin before dialysis. A little candy or snacks can be prepared during dialysis.
Adapt to dialysis life as soon as possible
From chronic kidney disease to uremia, the first dialysis will cause many physical discomforts, such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, and loss of appetite. The pain caused by the disease may destroy a person’s mind and courage. At the moment when the patient is informed by the doctor, it is better to face it bravely and learn more knowledge as soon as possible than hesitate. The disease undoubtedly adds a lot of financial burden to patients and family members, and also affects the normal life and work of patients. Long-term dialysis is a great test and challenge for patients and their families. However, patients should live quality of life alive, with the companionship and care of family members, the hard work of doctors and nurses, and advanced equipment, patients who need dialysis can live and work like normal people.
