Among the middle-aged and elderly people, the incidence of lumbar disc herniation and lumbar spinal stenosis is very high. Elderly people usually feel weak to walk, have to sit down after a few minutes of walking, and are prone to falls. What’s more, genital sensory disorders, bladder, rectum, and sexual dysfunction may occur. Although there is no life worry, delay in treatment can make the patient’s condition worse, and then lose the ability to work and even take care of himself, which brings great pain to the patient. Therefore, attention should be paid to the examination and diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and spinal stenosis, and timely treatment after discovery, without delay.
Lumbar disc herniation is mainly caused by the corresponding injury of the lumbar intervertebral disc on the basis of degeneration. To put it vividly, the human intervertebral disc is like the shock-absorbing spring of a car, which slows down the impact and shock of external forces on the human body, and bears considerable pressure. With the increase of age or the impact of trauma, the elasticity will gradually weaken. After the age of 20, the lumbar intervertebral disc began to degenerate, and the elasticity and load-bearing capacity of the lumbar intervertebral disc also decreased.
People’s accumulated injuries in daily life and work cause the lumbar intervertebral disc to repeatedly bear loads such as compression, flexion, and torsion, which may cause cracks in the part of the lumbar intervertebral disc that is the most stressed, that is, the back of the annulus. As the weight-bearing progresses repeatedly, the cracks gradually increase, and the annulus fibrous here becomes thinner and thinner. On this basis, plus trauma, the annulus fibrosis may be ruptured. The rupture is prominent. The elderly are usually accompanied by articular process hyperplasia, lumbar spondylolisthesis, etc. which lead to spinal stenosis, compressing the nerve root or cauda equina, causing low back pain and radiation pain in the lower limbs, and even symptoms of nerve damage.
When the condition is relieved, the patient can perform rehabilitation exercises to prevent recurrence. But it should be reminded that patients should choose different exercises according to the specific stages of their illness, not blindly, otherwise the gains will outweigh the losses.
Acute
knee bend when lying supine, popliteal Xiadian a small pillow, relax, waist naturally fall on the bed. When lying on your side, bend your knees and hips, and place your upper limb on the pillow naturally.
To get out of bed, change from lying position to prone position, with both upper limbs firmly propped up, waist stretched, and the body’s center of gravity slowly moved to the side of the bed. One lower limb first touches the ground, and then the other lower limb is moved down again, holding the head of the bed to stand up.
When sitting in a sitting position, your waist should be straight and the chair should have a stiff backrest. The height of the chair should be equal to the height of the patient’s knee to toe, with the knees slightly higher than the hips. If the chair surface is too high, you can put a pedal under your feet.
When getting up and standing up from the seat, move one lower limb from the side of the chair to the back side, with the waist straight, adjust the center of gravity of the body and stand up.
Recovery
supine lift the pelvis supine position, knees bent, feet and back as a fulcrum to lift the pelvis; then slowly down, repeated 20 times. This action can correct the anterior inclination of the lower pelvis and increase the curvature of the lumbar spine.
Tuck your knees and touch your chest in a supine position, bend your knees, and put your hands around your knees to make them as close to your chest as possible. But be careful not to arch your back away from the bed surface.
Side-lying position Raise the leg in the side-lying position, the upper leg can be straightened, the lower knee is slightly bent, the upper leg is raised sideways, and then slowly lowered. Repeated dozens of times.
Prop up your knees and upper limbs in a prone position, relax your waist, and sink slowly; after repeating 10 times, straighten one lower limb and bend your knees so that they touch the ipsilateral elbow joint as much as possible. Repeat 15 times.
Straight leg raise the supine position, press your hands under your hips, slowly raise your lower limbs, the knee joints can be slightly bent, and then lower. Repeat 15 times.
Sit on the bed with a leg press, bend one knee slightly, straighten the other leg, lean forward and press the torso toward the straight leg, and then switch to the other leg. This action can also be performed in a standing position, with the lower limbs on the back of the chair in front.
Bend the knees and sit up in the supine position, bend both knees, tuck the abdomen to raise the torso, and touch the knees with both hands.
If the efficacy of good medical gymnastics
exercise therapy economical and effective. Studies have confirmed that exercise therapy that focuses on strength training is very effective. Patients may wish to try the following sports rehabilitation exercises.
Arch bridge practice supine position, legs flexed, feet flat on the bed, waist force to make the body away from the bed; try to arch the body to maintain balance. Hold 30 seconds as 1 time, 10 times per group, 2 to 3 groups per day.
Back fly practice prone position, hands behind, legs close together, waist strength, keep head and legs away from the bed at the same time, keep in the most exerted position until exhaustion is 1 time. 5 to 10 times per group, 2 to 3 groups a day, mainly exercise the back muscle strength.
Bend your legs and sit ups in the supine position, with your legs bent at your hips and knees, your feet flat on the bed, and your upper body is lifted so that the shoulder blades are off the bed; the upper body should not be lifted too high to avoid increasing the load on the lumbar spine, and keep it until exhaustion is 1 Second-rate. Do it again with a 5 second pause. 5 to 10 times per group, 2 to 3 groups a day, mainly exercise the rectus abdominis and external oblique muscles.
Practice a supine position on an aerial treadmill, raise your legs, and simulate riding a bicycle in the air. The movements should be slow and hard. 20-30 times per group, 2-4 groups per day. It mainly exercises the control ability of the abdominal muscles and waist, and can effectively improve the strength of the entire lower limbs.
Lie on your stomach at four points to support the prone position, flex your arms in front of your chest, and use your elbows and toes to support your body until your body is in a straight line. Hold for 10 to 30 seconds as 1 time, and do it again after 5 seconds. 5 to 10 times per group, 2 to 3 groups per day.
