Nowadays, the incidence of coronary heart disease in my country is increasing, which seriously endangers people’s health. Hypertension is a major factor leading to coronary heart disease. However, most patients with coronary heart disease only think of treating coronary heart disease, but do not pay attention to the control of blood pressure, which affects the therapeutic effect of coronary heart disease. Therefore, everyone needs to change the cognition of coronary heart disease combined with hypertension, and actively control blood pressure while treating coronary heart disease.
What is coronary heart disease? Coronary heart
disease is the abbreviation of coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. The reason is that the blood supply vessels of the heart are blocked, which promotes myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction, resulting in problems with heart function and unable to meet the needs of the body’s normal operation. Why does blood vessel blockage occur? Mainly because of atherosclerosis in the arteries. Studies have found that atherosclerosis is mainly due to elevated cholesterol in the body, which is deposited in the intima of blood vessels. The increase in cholesterol is mainly caused by genetics, diet and other factors (high blood sugar, high blood pressure, smoking), etc., which damage the intima of arteries and facilitate the infiltration of cholesterol. If this effect lasts for a long time, atherosclerosis will appear in the blood vessels, which will affect the blood supply to the heart and eventually lead to coronary heart disease.
Why patients with coronary heart disease should control blood pressure
Hypertension is recognized by the medical profession as the main cause of coronary heart disease. Statistics show that 70% of hypertensive patients will suffer from different degrees of coronary heart disease. At the same time, high blood pressure can also cause atherosclerotic lesions such as cerebral arteries, coronary arteries, and peripheral arteries. The reason for these lesions is that high blood pressure will change the permeability of the endothelium and smooth muscle cell intima, resulting in thickening of the vessel wall and narrowing of the lumen. At this time, if the patient still has coronary heart disease, the condition will be aggravated. Especially in patients with coronary heart disease, when the degree of stenosis of blood vessels is more than 75%, the patients will experience angina pectoris. At this time, if the hypertension cannot be controlled in time, the injury of the arterial endothelium will be aggravated, and in severe cases, it will lead to the rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque, the formation of thrombus and blockage of the coronary artery, resulting in myocardial infarction and sudden death. In addition, high blood pressure can damage various organs of the body. Therefore, not only patients with coronary heart disease should control blood pressure, but healthy people should also pay attention to blood pressure control to reduce the probability of cardiovascular events.
How to control blood pressure in patients with coronary heart disease
Controlling blood pressure in patients with coronary heart disease is an important measure to maintain their own health. The specific operations are as follows:
Understand the content of hypertension in coronary heart disease and clarify the normal blood pressure target value. Before controlling hypertension, patients with coronary heart disease must first know their own existence and high blood pressure. Blood pressure-related diseases, such as diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart, brain and kidney complications, etc. Also, know what a healthy blood pressure level is. This should be based on the value in the “2018 Revision of the Chinese Guidelines for the Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension”, which is basically below 140/90 mmHg. However, hypertensive patients with coronary heart disease can control their blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg if their bodies can bear it. But in this process, it is necessary to ensure that the diastolic blood pressure is above 60 mmHg. If the patient is elderly, with severe coronary stenosis, etc., do not lower blood pressure excessively. In addition, it is necessary to master the method of self-test blood pressure. Before the measurement, do not smoke, drink coffee, or drink alcohol to ensure that the spirit is in a relaxed state; ensure that the indoor temperature is in a suitable state; let yourself calm down for 5 to 10 minutes before starting the measurement to ensure the accuracy of the results to the greatest extent. If using a mercury sphygmomanometer, sit or lie down so that your elbows are at the same level as your heart. It should be measured twice, with an interval of 1-2 minutes each time, and the average value of the two measurements should be taken as the measurement result and recorded to facilitate subsequent communication with the doctor.
Medication
on controlling blood pressure, drug treatment is mainly used, so take the medicine on time as prescribed by the doctor. If abnormal changes in blood pressure occur during treatment, seek medical attention in time and ask the doctor to change the treatment plan. At the same time, the drug cannot be stopped at will. It is best to ask the doctor to provide simple drugs to ensure that the patient can take it for a long time. In addition, when patients are taking medication, doctors should provide consultation and help at any time to ensure the rationality of medication.
Develop a healthy concept of life
Whether it is coronary heart disease or high blood pressure, they are all lifestyle diseases, so blood pressure can be controlled by developing a healthy lifestyle. Mainly change in diet, exercise, weight, smoking cessation, alcohol, and mood.
diet
Adhere to a low-fat, low-salt diet, with a daily salt intake of no more than 5 g. Reduce the intake of foods with high cholesterol content such as crab roe, animal offal, squid, and fish roe. The three meals are mainly plant-based foods such as fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains, etc., to ensure a combination of meat and vegetables and balanced nutrition.
In terms of exercise,
insist on aerobic exercise, resistance exercise and flexibility exercise. Among them, aerobic exercise is carried out for 3-5 days a week, and resistance and flexibility exercises are carried out for 2-3 days a week. Before the patient exercises, the doctor should conduct a professional assessment. When the results show that the exercise can be performed, an appropriate exercise program should be formulated for the patient, including exercise intensity, form, time, etc.
In terms of weight control,
if patients with coronary heart disease are overweight, they should actively lose weight to ensure that their weight is within a healthy range.
Quit smoking and alcohol
To completely quit smoking, stay away from the environment where tobacco exists, and reduce the inhalation of second-hand smoke to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. If necessary, smoking cessation drugs can be used to achieve the goal of smoking cessation. Also, avoid excessive alcohol consumption. Studies have found that when alcohol consumption increases, blood pressure also increases. Therefore, to control the amount of alcohol consumed, it is best for men to control it within 25 g per day, and for women to control it within 15 g.
In terms of mood,
when the spirit is in a state of tension, the sympathetic nerve will be activated, resulting in an increase in blood pressure. Therefore, you should adjust your mood at ordinary times, don’t pay too much attention to a single blood pressure value, let alone worry about the side effects of drugs, and face life with a positive and optimistic attitude.
