Aying and her husband’s family live in a rural area in Sichuan. Soon after they got married, she was urged by her mother-in-law to “continue the incense.” Ah Ying was also very uplifting, and her belly grew up soon, and at the beginning of this year we ushered in exciting moments: seeing red, labor pains, childbirth… However, what makes the family unacceptable is that the child was sentenced at birth. Death penalty-the child has congenital spina bifida and meningocele. The doctor said that it is difficult for the child to survive, and asked Ah Ying: “This deformity can be found through routine examinations before delivery. Didn’t you have a prenatal checkup?” Ah Ying was heartbroken because she felt nothing unusual about her body. I also paid attention to maintenance during pregnancy, so I didn’t take prenatal check-ups seriously, and now I regret it.
Such examples are not uncommon in clinical practice, it is really pathetic! After a successful pregnancy, mothers-to-be must not neglect this important part of prenatal check-ups. Prenatal examination refers to the provision of a series of medical and nursing advice and measures for pregnant women. The purpose is to prevent and detect complications early and reduce their adverse effects through monitoring of pregnant women and fetuses.
Generally speaking, women in pregnancy should have prenatal check-ups once a month before 28 weeks of pregnancy; prenatal check-ups should be performed twice a week from 28 to 36 weeks of pregnancy; and one prenatal check-ups should be performed every week after 36 weeks of pregnancy. For the second prenatal check-up, about a dozen check-ups are required throughout the pregnancy. The specific inspection time and content are as follows-
12 weeks of pregnancy: establish a pregnancy care manual, determine the gestational week, estimate the expected date of delivery, assess the risk factors of pregnancy, blood pressure, body mass index, fetal heart rate, blood routine, urine routine, blood type (ABO And Rh), fasting blood glucose, liver and kidney function, hepatitis B virus surface antigen, Treponema pallidum, HIV screening, electrocardiogram. Those who have not had a pre-marital checkup or pre-pregnancy check-up before have to increase the screening for thalassemia; those who have pets at home have to increase the parasite examination.
16 weeks of pregnancy: Analyze the results of the first prenatal examination, blood pressure, weight, fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, and Down’s blood screening in the second trimester.
20 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, uterine fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, B-ultrasound fetal malformation screening, blood routine, urine routine.
24 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, uterine fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, glucose tolerance screening, blood routine, urine routine.
28 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, uterine fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, obstetric B-ultrasound, blood routine, urine routine.
30 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, uterine fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, blood routine, urine routine. This check-up is a routine check-up. The expectant mother should pay attention to counting her fetal movements every day. If abnormalities are found, she should seek medical treatment immediately.
32 weeks and 34 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, uterine fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, fetal position, blood routine, urine routine, fetal heart rate monitoring.
36 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, height of uterine fundus, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, fetal position, blood routine, urine routine, obstetric B-ultrasound. This time, a detailed ultrasound examination will be done, including the size of the fetal biparietal diameter, the classification of placental function, and amniotic fluid volume. The doctor will use this to assess the weight and development of the fetus at that time, and estimate the weight of the fetus to full-term birth.
37 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, uterine fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, fetal position, cervical examination (Bishop score), blood routine, urine routine, fetal heart rate monitoring, fetal position examination. Fetal position examination can help doctors determine whether mothers can give birth naturally or need surgery.
38 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, uterine fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, fetal position, blood routine, urine routine, cervical examination (Bishop score), fetal heart rate monitoring. At this stage, the doctor will also help the expectant mother to check the pelvis and other comprehensive conditions to decide the delivery method.
39 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, uterine fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, fetal position, cervical examination (Bishop score), blood routine, urine routine, fetal heart rate monitoring. It is almost the due date, and expectant mothers should develop the habit of self-checking fetal movements every day.
40 weeks of pregnancy: blood pressure, weight, uterine fundus height, abdominal circumference, fetal heart rate, fetal position, cervical examination (Bishop score), blood routine, urine routine, fetal heart rate monitoring.
The above are routine inspection times and items, but the specific frequency of inspections is also determined by the physical condition of the pregnant woman and the symptoms that occur during pregnancy. If the pregnant woman has high blood pressure, in order to ensure the health of the pregnant woman and the fetus, it is necessary to increase the number of birth checks.
