Bamboo is a perennial evergreen plant in the grass family Bamboo subfamily, which has certain research value and influence in natural sciences and humanities. Its unique structure and material properties give it a sense of “unique” and “versatile” in people’s minds. Coupled with its natural structure and properties, it is also connected with many human scientific and cultural phenomena. Up.
Steel plant kingdom of
bamboo, also known as bamboo. It has a wide variety of varieties, fast growth, and is widely distributed, and it is naturally distributed in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Their morphology, growth mechanism, reproduction strategy and other ecological adaptation characteristics are the result of long-term adaptation to the environment and evolution. As an important forest vegetation resource on the earth and an excellent fast-growing high-yield species, bamboo has good economic, ecological and social benefits, and has an important impact on promoting regional economic, social and cultural development and ecological environmental protection.
Although bamboo is a kind of gramineous plant with high application value and has many impressive plant characteristics (such as the surprising growth rate of spring bamboo shoots after rain, etc.), bamboo also has many physics that other plants do not have. In particular, the various unique physical characteristics of its main part have allowed people to deduce many civilization stories, and also led to the practical use of bamboo in many aspects such as production, life, science and culture.
Take the bamboo pole we are most familiar with. It is an elastic body that belongs to a deformable body. Its characteristic is that the object deforms under the action of external force. When the external force does not exceed a certain limit, the object will return to its original state after the external force is removed. However, there is no absolute elastic body. The residual deformation of the object after the external force is removed is very small, and we generally treat it as an elastic body. Bamboo has such a property. Until now, many places still retain the habit of using bamboo as an elastic body, using the elastic load of a pole (generally made of moso bamboo) and carrying it on the shoulders to transport things up and down (see The well-known “Zhu De’s Pole” in the primary school Chinese textbook).
From the perspective of physical structure, the natural structure of bamboo joints makes it a special structure that is hollow between bamboo joints and solid at the joints. In order to study the influence of bamboo joints on the mechanical properties of bamboo, scientists have stretched and twisted bamboo. , Bending experiment, and analyzed the strain value data obtained from the three experiments, studied the mechanical properties of bamboo in tension, torsion, and bending, and obtained the key influence of bamboo joints on the mechanical properties of bamboo: in the axial stretching process Among them, the strain at the slub and the strain at the non-slub is the same as the ratio of the area at the non-slub to the area of the slub; the slub plays a role in reducing the tensile stress, and the tensile capacity of the slub is increased ; During the torsion process, the fibers at the slub joints expand, causing stress along the axial and vertical axes, and the torsion resistance of the slub joints is weakened; in the bending process, the bending interface coefficient at the slub joints is larger, and the slub joints Increased bending resistance. When you appreciate the picture on the previous page and the two paintings on the left, you will find that the observation and freehand drawing of bamboo emphasizes and reflects these physical and chemical characteristics and characteristics in biology, which are presented under the action of gravity and wind. The elastomer image is clear at a glance.
Bamboo painting science passwords
China is one of the origin of bamboo, bamboo since ancient times Chinese cultural relics flag. As a symbol of literati spirit, “bamboo” occupies an important position in literati painting. The Yuan Dynasty of China was an era in which paintings flourished. “Bamboo” became a common motif in Yuan Dynasty paintings. Almost all the important painters of the Yuan Dynasty were able to paint bamboo and depict many varieties of bamboo. There are important bamboo pictures handed down to the world. The reason why bamboo is favored by literati is that bamboo has a breath of high wind and brightness, and at the same time it has high strength and toughness that can be praised in physics and mechanics. The humanities and natural sciences have intersected in this spiritual content of bamboo, and its influence until modern times .
The bamboo paintings created by the literati and painter Zheng Banqiao in the Qing Dynasty contain certain scientific codes: natural bamboo exists objectively, and the bamboo in the painter’s eyes is actually different from natural bamboo. Through processing, Subjective treatment will form the bamboo in the chest, which is said to be the first to write.
When it falls on paper and transforms into a bamboo in the hand, the “bamboo in the hand” becomes a “second nature” created by the painter. The bamboo in the chest and the bamboo in the hand are both sublimation of the bamboo in the eye, in a nutshell, the painter The objective image seen by the eye is processed by the image of the brain, and finally processed and materialized into a typical artistic image.
In fact, Zheng Banqiao’s artistic concept gave an important mathematical concept: mapping. He created three spaces: objective space, subjective space, and model space, and pointed out the differences in the objects (bamboo) of these three spaces. Through the relations (functions) of these objects in the three spaces, the connection of these objects was established (Mapping). In our opinion today, he gave a complete modeling process: there are rules (basic principles, main contradictions, object characteristics), and there are chemical machines (form transformation, author’s interest, possible imagination), and this process is related to us The current scientific research thoughts are highly overlapped: the bamboo in the eyes-the objective entity; the bamboo in the heart-the abstract concept; the bamboo in the hand-the application model. This creative formula is simply a beautiful talk about the integration of humanities and natural sciences in scholarship.
Zheng Banqiao wrote and painted bamboo throughout his life, and loved chanting bamboo even more. His bamboo poems have a timeless artistic conception and contain strong philosophical rationality. When writing essays, we often think of his “simplification of three autumn trees by deleting the complex”-this process of simplifying to abstract actually contains the characteristics of the “reductionist” method in modern science: it reduces the high level to the low level. The whole is reduced to each component to be studied. When scientific research is injected with simplification elements, it may manifest its streamlined abstract power, especially in basic disciplines such as physics.
Lengthy golden, people symbiosis bamboo
bamboo is a set of economic, ecological and social benefits in one of the superior species, with a strong ability to integrate physiological and special population growth and regeneration characteristics. Especially in the East, its natural plant characteristics make it special and extensive practicability. For example, Indian hemp bamboo produced in Sri Lanka and India is the tallest bamboo in the world. Its height often exceeds 30 meters. It is simply the “king of bamboo”. In addition, the diameter of this bamboo can reach 16-23 cm. It can be made into a small bucket. In addition, cultural products made with the characteristics and materials of bamboo are everywhere, such as bamboo slips, bamboo fans, bamboo paintings, etc. We can take a look at the following paintings. This shows that bamboo is very useful in book reading, musical instrument acoustics and artistic painting.
The ancestors of the world’s bamboo production areas gradually formed a cultural phenomenon in the process of bamboo cultivation, application and appreciation. We now call it simply “bamboo culture”. Take “Chinese bamboo culture” as an example, it means that bamboo provided the ancestors with rich daily necessities such as clothing, food, shelter, transportation, and various production resources-living bamboo, bamboo ring dwelling, human bamboo Symbiosis; love embodies bamboo, bamboo gives love, and love bamboo blends together. Human beings nurtured and sublimated in the emotional interaction with green bamboo, which greatly promoted the generation and development of philosophy, literature, aesthetics and natural sciences of the Chinese nation, created the Chinese nation’s abundance and righteousness, and formed a rich and colorful bamboo culture.
Further reading
for bamboo culture and natural history, a special meeting to discuss world issues such as the 2009 8th World Bamboo Congress, including bamboo and the environment, resources, planting and protection, biology and taxonomy of bamboo, bamboo gardening, Bamboo and regional economic development, bamboo product design and bamboo industry, bamboo material properties and bamboo construction and engineering, etc. The content involves bamboo germplasm resources (biodiversity), bamboo seedling and bamboo forest cultivation, bamboo forest ecology, bamboo processing, bamboo construction , Bamboo trade, and basic research on bamboo molecular biology. At present, the World Bamboo Organization (WBO) holds a World Bamboo Conference every 3 to 4 years, aiming to share the latest achievements of bamboo scientific research and development in the world, strengthen exchanges and cooperation between international counterparts, and promote the cultivation, promotion and development of bamboo resources Utilize to realize the sustainable development of the bamboo industry chain. So far, the World Bamboo Conference has been held several times. The 12th World Bamboo Conference will be held in Songming County, Kunming City, Yunnan Province in June 2021. This is the first world-class bamboo event held in China.
The rich and unique spiritual connotation of bamboo culture affects the aesthetic consciousness and moral ethics of Chinese people, as well as the development of Chinese garden art. According to documentary records, Chinese imperial gardens began to plant bamboo as early as the Zhou Dynasty; there were records of bamboo planting in the Shanglin Garden and Yong’an Palace in the Han Dynasty; bamboo has been very common in gardens in the Tang and Song dynasties, and bamboo gardening The whole period. With its unique artistic style and aesthetic appeal, bamboo culture has brought infinite poetry and picturesqueness to people, and has extremely high appreciation and technological application value. For example, the design of Chinese classical gardens pays great attention to plant configuration, and bamboo plays an extremely important role in it. There are few classical Chinese gardens that do not use bamboo for landscaping, which shows the continuation of bamboo culture in China.
