Myocardial infarction is called acute myocardial infarction. Studies have found that the harm of myocardial infarction to the heart is equivalent to a major car accident. Even if it is properly “maintained”, many functions will not be as intact as before. The details are as follows:
Causes heart failure The myocardium of patients with heart infarction will become fibrosis due to long-term insufficient blood supply, and the ability to pump blood will be weakened. In this case, the heart muscle will become hypertrophic, causing heart failure. Patients will repeatedly experience dyspnea, pale complexion, purple lips, clammy skin, profuse sweating, and edema.
Changes in cardiac structure: First, if the heart valve is avascular necrosis, it will cause dysfunction or rupture; second, if a large area of ischemic necrosis occurs on the ventricular wall, it will increase the pressure of the heart cavity, bulge outward, and form an aneurysm; Some severe patients may experience heart perforation or rupture, causing heart failure, cardiogenic shock, pulmonary edema, and death within a few days.
Arrhythmia Due to large-scale necrosis of the myocardium or with varying degrees of myocardial ischemia and secondary inflammation, patients with myocardial infarction may develop arrhythmia within two weeks after the onset. Ventricular premature beats are usually common, and ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation can occur, leading to cardiac arrest and sudden death.
Arterial embolism Platelet aggregation combined with hemodynamic disturbances can easily form mural thrombi in the left ventricle. Fresh thrombus is easy to fall off and can cause arterial embolism in the brain, kidney, spleen, limbs and other parts, causing cerebral infarction, renal infarction and so on. In patients who are bedridden for a long time, if there is venous thrombosis and partial shedding of the lower extremities, it may cause pulmonary embolism. In severe cases, it may lead to sudden death.
Pericarditis usually occurs 1 to 4 days after acute myocardial infarction, and the incidence is about 10%. The normal heart is covered with a thin film called the pericardium. When a transmural acute myocardial infarction occurs, the membrane on the surface of the myocardium becomes inflamed. Patients often have progressively worsening chest pain, which varies with body position. Once it happens, it is often catastrophic and can easily lead to death.
In severe cases, death is induced. When a thrombus blocks the main blood vessels of the heart, it will cause vascular occlusion. The longer the duration, the larger the area of myocardial infarction. If you do not receive timely treatment, you may die.
For high-risk people who have been clearly diagnosed with coronary heart disease and have diabetes, hypertension, etc., they should follow the doctor’s instructions for drug treatment. In addition, it is necessary to quit smoking, limit alcohol, reduce oil and salt, adhere to appropriate aerobic exercise, and avoid strenuous activities. At the same time, we must pay attention to climate change, especially the people in the cold northern regions.
