Will the hepatitis B virus be transmitted to children
Strictly doing a good job of separating mother and child is a key part of controlling hepatitis B, which can achieve the purpose of reducing the number of hepatitis B infections in the population. Mother-to-child transmission is through the HBV virus in the mother’s body invading the baby’s body, and then multiplying in the body, so that the baby is also infected with HBV. However, HBV is not a direct cause of hepatitis B. If there is no damage to the placenta, it will not pass through intrauterine infection. Most mother-to-child transmission occurs during the delivery process and after delivery. Cesarean section may be performed during delivery, which will expose the baby to the mother’s blood and other body fluids. The virus is likely to enter the baby’s body at this time. Transmission during childbirth is also a common way of hepatitis B infection. In addition, the hepatitis B virus may also be transmitted during the close contact between the baby and the mother after birth.
How to vaccinate newborns with mothers infected with hepatitis B virus
If the pregnant woman is HBV infected, the newborn must be given hepatitis B vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) injections after birth. Vaccine the first dose within 24 hours after birth, and then 1 dose of hepatitis B vaccine at intervals of 1 month and 6 months to achieve adequate and lasting protection. Newborns can increase their immunity after receiving 3 shots of the vaccine. Data shows that more than 95% of people have the immune effect. When vaccinating, you need to pay attention to the time interval. It is not possible to vaccinate continuously every month, it needs to be separated by several months.
Matters needing attention for hepatitis B vaccine
(1) The time point of the hepatitis B vaccine
There are 3 shots of hepatitis B vaccination. Newborns are vaccinated against hepatitis B vaccine at the three time points of birth, full moon, and six months old. Generally, the first injection of hepatitis B vaccine after birth should be completed within 24 hours after birth, the sooner the better.
(2) Is there a charge for hepatitis B vaccine?
No charge, the state currently provides free hepatitis B vaccination to newborns. The first injection is given in the hospital within 24 hours after birth, and the second and third injections are given in the community where the household registration belongs. Hepatitis B is an infectious disease that is relatively harmful to human health, so vaccines need to be injected to prevent it. In addition, infectious diseases such as diphtheria, whooping cough, and tetanus also need to be injected with related vaccines. Most people will develop antibodies after being vaccinated, and the possibility of future illness is extremely low. Some people can be immune for life.
(3) Can mothers with hepatitis B breastfeed their children?
The answer is yes. After being injected with hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG, newborns can breastfeed regardless of the amount of HBV in the mother’s body. And breast milk contains antimicrobial factors (secreted IgA, lactoferrin, lysozyme, oligosaccharides, etc.), anti-inflammatory factors (antioxidants, epidermal growth factor, cytoprotective factors, etc.) and white blood cells (neutrophils, Phagocytes and lymphocytes), etc., can not only provide protective substances, but also enhance the baby’s immunity. Therefore, most babies rarely get sick within 6 months after birth, indicating that breastfeeding children have strong immunity.
(4) Are there any side effects from the hepatitis B vaccine?
Get hepatitis B vaccine. There may be slight redness, swelling, heat, pain and inflammation, but it is also temporary and will subside within 48 to 72 hours without special treatment. A small number of children will have transient low fever, which will recover within 1 to 2 days, and no special treatment is required. In order to minimize the incidence of adverse events at the time of vaccination, parents must truthfully explain the child’s birth and health to the doctor when bringing their children to vaccination. Secondly, vaccination must be carried out in a regular hospital or designated unit. Once again, you cannot leave immediately after vaccination. Observe the child for at least 30 minutes at the vaccination unit. You can leave without any discomfort or adverse reaction. Once you find that the child has any discomfort or adverse reaction, you need to inform the vaccinating doctor in time.
(5) Does the baby need to be rechecked from birth to after the 3 shots of the vaccine?
When the baby is 7 months old, he must go to the hospital for review and check the test data. If the data shows that the antibody is relatively low, he needs to be injected with hepatitis B vaccine again. The establishment and enhancement of a child’s immune system need to be grasped from lifestyle habits, such as exercise for half an hour a day, maintain adequate sleep time, develop good eating habits, eat more fruits and vegetables, and supplement rich protein. Play a role in improving immunity.
(6) Will the child still be infected with hepatitis B after vaccination?
The child needs to be rechecked 7 months after birth and at 1 year old. If the child’s test data is negative for HBsAg and HBV DNA, or both anti-HBc positive, or anti-HBe and anti-HBc positive, it can prove that the child is free of HBV virus , You will not be infected with hepatitis B.
(7) What are the situations in which babies are not suitable for vaccination
1. Babies with purulent skin diseases, dermatitis, and severe eczema are not suitable for vaccination and need to wait until recovery before they can get vaccination.
2. Babies whose body temperature exceeds 37.5 degrees and have enlarged armpits and lymph nodes are not suitable for vaccination, and the cause of the disease needs to be checked and treated before vaccination.
3. Babies with severe heart, liver, kidney disease and active tuberculosis are not suitable for vaccination.
4. Babies with allergies such as asthma and urticaria are not suitable for vaccination.
5. General diseases such as colds and mild fevers will not be vaccinated temporarily depending on the situation.
6. Hepatitis B vaccine should not be vaccinated when hungry on an empty stomach.
As long as effective preventive measures are taken, most mother-to-child transmission can be avoided. In addition, when parents take their children to vaccinate hepatitis B vaccine and HBIG, they should also tell the doctor about the child’s specific physical condition, so that the doctor can judge whether the child’s condition can be vaccinated, and must not be blindly vaccinated.
