Conception: a wonderful and complicated physiological process
A normal adult man can excrete 2ml-6ml of semen at one time, and each milliliter of semen contains more than 60 million sperm. Among them, the active sperm can reach the ampulla of the fallopian tube through the uterus and survive for 72 hours in the female body. The ovaries of women of normal childbearing age can only discharge one mature egg per month. After the egg is discharged, it is captured by the fallopian tube umbrella and enters the fallopian tube. Within 24 hours after the egg is released, if you encounter sperm in the fallopian tube, it will be surrounded by a group of sperm, of which only one sperm can penetrate into the egg for fertilization. The fertilized egg becomes a fertilized egg. The fertilized egg gradually moves to the uterine cavity while developing in the fallopian tube, enters the uterine cavity in about 6 days, and then “swim” in the uterine cavity for 2 to 3 days, finds a suitable foothold, implants, and then in the uterine cavity Growth and development until full-term childbirth.
As long as any one of these links is abnormal, it can hinder conception and lead to infertility.
The reason for not having a child is half of the female reasons
There is a record of “women’s infertility at the age of three” in the Book of Changes. The ancients defined the period of infertility as 3 years. According to relevant reports, the rate of first pregnancy in one year after marriage is 87.7%, the rate of first pregnancy in two years is 94.6%, and in three years is 96.5%. Therefore, my country defines infertility as “couples of childbearing age living together for more than 2 years, sexual Life is normal, no contraceptive measures have been taken, and pregnancy has not been possible. In 1995, the World Health Organization defined the duration of infertility as one year.
With the further delay of women’s marriage and childbearing age in recent years, some experts and scholars have suggested that women over the age of 35 who have not been pregnant for six months without contraception are considered infertility and should be treated actively.
There are many reasons for infertility, including female infertility (40%-50%) and male infertility (about 40%). Both male and female factors account for 10%.
Among the causes of female infertility, organic causes accounted for 40.3%, and inflammation and tuberculosis were the most common causes; endocrine causes accounted for 38.3%, and polycystic ovary syndrome was the most common cause. The prognosis of endocrine causes is good, and the pregnancy rate after treatment can reach 51.1%; the pregnancy rate after treatment of organic causes is 34.7%, and the prognosis is related to the degree of fallopian tube damage. 87.7% of pregnancies occurred within 6 months of examination or treatment.
The process of treating infertility is often relatively long, and avoid being too anxious. A reasonable inspection plan should be arranged to find out the cause, and targeted treatment measures taken without losing the opportunity can often achieve better results.
Tips for infertile women
1. Don’t give birth too late.
Studies have shown that women between 25 and 27 years old are the best time to conceive in their lives. As women age, the number of follicles gradually decreases, the quality of eggs gradually declines, the probability of conception decreases and the rate of miscarriage increases. After a woman is 35 years old, the ovarian function begins to decline, and the probability of conception is only 10%; the probability of a natural pregnancy for women over 40 is only 5%.
2. Pay attention to irregular menstruation.
“Women’s Department of Authenticity” says: “Men are strong and strong, but women have tuned menstruation, so there is a way to have children.” If women have menstrual disorders, they should seek medical attention as soon as possible. For example, women suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome can manifest as postmenstrual errors, low volume, or even amenorrhea, and are often accompanied by obesity, hirsutism, acne and acanthosis nigricans.
3. Too fat or thin is not good.
Obesity in women can also lead to infertility. The source of estrogen is not limited to the gonads, adipose tissue is also an important source of estrogen. The amount of adipose tissue directly controls the endocrine regulation of the menstrual cycle. Obesity is an important cause of abnormal insulin metabolism and menstrual cycle disorders. Polycystic ovary syndrome is related to obesity. Polycystic ovary syndrome and endocrine and metabolic disorders with higher androgen levels are also related to weight gain. Excessive insulin produced by obesity will stimulate the ovarian follicular membrane cells to produce more androgens and steroid hormones, leading to atresia of the follicles, which in turn leads to ovulation disorders and infertility. It can be said that obesity, especially abdominal obesity, has a serious impact on the function of the female reproductive system. Therefore, overweight women should actively lose weight before pregnancy.
However, women who are too thin are not easy to get pregnant. The maintenance of menstruation also depends on a certain proportion of body fat. If the body fat content is less than 22% of the body weight, it will be difficult to maintain normal menstruation, and less than 17% of menstruation will not have cramps. The low level of estrogen in women who are too thin will affect follicular development and endometrial hyperplasia, shrinking “seeds” and poor “soil”.
4. Do not underestimate the influence of living habits.
At least 3 months before pregnancy, start to adjust bad habits, work regularly, supplement folic acid appropriately, eat more high-protein, low-fat, and mild foods, eat less sweets, and drink less sweet drinks. These instructions seem to be clichés, and they don’t sound so serious, but if you go the other way, the accumulation will have a subtle and immeasurable impact on the body, and in severe cases can lead to infertility. Clinically, there are cases of successful pregnancy simply by adjusting and improving living habits.
Studies have found that women who drink two bottles of alcoholic beverages a day have a 60% reduction in the probability of conception. Smoking reduces the quality of women’s eggs. Excessive caffeine intake can affect women’s conception. Prolonged exposure to harmful chemicals may cause fetal malformations.
5. Grasp the ovulation period.
“The Criterion of Syndrome and Treatment·Female Department·The Front Door of the Fetus” says: “The heaven and earth must have a time of entanglement, all things will be transformed, and there must be a time of happy education… Every woman who goes through menstruation once a month must have a day of entanglement. For a while, the qi is steaming and hot, faint and stuffy, and there is an unbearable state of wanting to hand over, and this time.”
To explain, the “departure period” and the “exhausted period” are also called “real machine”, that is, the waiting period. Pregnant couples should have sex during ovulation to get pregnant. So, how to find the ovulation period?
① Cycle inference algorithm. Women with regular menstrual cycles generally ovulate about 14 days before the next menstruation. For example, a woman who has a menstrual period in 28 days will ovulate around the 14th day of the menstrual cycle; if she menses once in 45 days, she will ovulate about one month after menstruation.
② Observe the vaginal discharge. As the ovulation period approaches, women’s estrogen levels increase, and vaginal secretions gradually increase. Before ovulation, there will be egg white-like transparent drawing leucorrhea. This period is the easiest time for women to become pregnant.
③ Basal body temperature monitoring method. After ovulation, due to the action of progesterone, the basal body temperature can rise by 0.3℃～0.5℃. If you can insist on measuring the basal body temperature every day, you can also find out your ovulation day according to the change of body temperature. Generally, it is most likely to get pregnant when having sex between 2 days before ovulation and the first day after ovulation. However, I recommend that the pregnant couple have sex 2 to 3 times a week, and have sex on the next day before and after ovulation.
If you have done all of the above and have not become pregnant within six months, it is recommended that both couples should see a doctor. The man’s semen check routine (3 days to 7 days of abstinence), the woman will check sex hormones and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) on the 2nd to 5th day of menstruation, and monitor ovulation by B-ultrasound, and if necessary, on 3 days of clean menstruation ~7 days to check the salpingogram. But no matter what the infertility is caused by, you must calm down and don’t panic. Believe in yourself, believe in medicine, and believe that your baby will come to you at the right time.
